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coloured square The University of Melbourne [School of Physics - Optics Group]

Diode laser electronics for atom optics

Click here for our diode laser web page (mechanical aspects)

The photos above show our new electronics controller Augustus, designed and built by a qualified (and brilliant) electronics engineer, Alex Slavec. It includes temperature controller, diode current source, ac modulation source for Zeeman dither coil, two high-voltage piezo supplies, demodulator (lock-in amp), servo feedback loop filter circuits, photodetector, and more. All in one box (19" 1U), on a single 6-layer PCB (plus simple boards for the LCD display, transformer, and photodetector).

Alex has used design principles developed by fanatics in the audio (hifi) electronics game. As of 4 Nov 2004, Augustus is working brilliantly, with noise floor below -90dB, and locking robustly.

Our linewidths are now limited by the optical characteristics of the external cavity. Our normal cavities are short (20mm), the grating feedback is small (10%), and the diodes are not AR coated; the linewidth is about 1MHz. By doubling the cavity length, we have demonstrated linewidths of 325kHz fwhm (full width at half max) or 115kHz rms.







Click here for our diode laser web page (mechanical aspects)

This page documents our laser electronics, including parts lists, circuit diagrams and assembly instructions. We have tried to keep this as accurate as possible, but it is not possible to forsee all problems that may occur. If you have problems with anything here contact us and we'll try to help you out or fix the problem as best we can.

As of Feb 2005, quite a bit of superseded stuff has been removed so as not to waste anyone's time on bad electronics. If you want to know more about things that are missing, feel free to contact us.

Acknowledgements

What we have developed here draws on the work of many others in the field who must be credited for their input at various stages during the design process. In particular we acknowledge the vital input of the following people and research groups: A very large fraction of the local development was done by Phil Fox.

Many others have made contributions, including:

Our papers of relevance

Other papers of interest

Overview

Many components go into making up the laser control system.  Rather than having individual boxes for each circuit board we have combined the control system into two units, each of which fits in a rack-mounted unit.  These two boxes are divided according to function:
  • CAESAR (Climate and Environmental Stabilisation for Atomic Research)
    This box contains the current source, temperature controller and piezo electric drivers.
  • CLAUDIUS CLAUDIUS schematic
    Locking electronics (including a custom lock-in amplifier and function generators) for active locking of the laser frequency to a particular saturated absorbtion transition.



Caesar (current source and temp controller)

The CAESAR (Climate and Environmental Stabilisation for Atomic Research) box contains stabilisation electronics for two lasers. It contains: in a 3U rack mount box. If you are building one laser, all power supplies are still required!

Assembly hints for the Caesar box:
  • Photos
  • These are photos of the inside and outside of the box showing how we fit all the circuit boards in.
  • Front/back panels
  • These are the overlays for screen printing the front and back panels of the boxes.


    Claudius (locking electronics)

    NOTE: This "concept drawing" is out of date. See NEWS for update information.

    CLAUDIUS concept drawing

    The CLAUDIUS (Controller for Lock-in Amplification Using Differential In pUt Spectroscopy ) box contains locking electronics for one laser. It contains:
    NB. The photodiode board must be in the saturated absorption set up, not in the box.

    Assembly hints:


    Laser Head

    Each laser head requires one protection board.

    The pinouts we use on our laser heads are here:
    • Pinouts we use for connecting to laser heads

    Circuit board details

  • Package of all schematics and board overlays (pdf.tar.gz)

  • This section describes each of the circuit boards in detail. Photos of the boards have been included, if available. Top overlays have been included to help identify what's what once all the components have been soldered onto the board obscuring the writing underneath.
    Note that the part lists included here are extracted directly from the schematic and identify each electronic component soldered to the board. They do not include additional items such as front-panel trimpots, heatsinks, D-connectors, etc. required to connect the PCB to the rest of the world. For a fuller shopping list with supplier information and pricing please refer to the shopping list below.

    Precision current source

    Laser driver interface

    Laser protection board

    See Updates for information on required changes.

    Piezo driver

    Temperature controller

    Claudius frequency locking system

    Zeeman coil

    The design of the Zeeman coil is not terribly important for frequency locking. We have a really nice one that allows us to lock with a large dc offset (e.g. 60MHz) and we simpler coils that work just fine. The coils are wound on simple Perspex (acrylic, or Lucite) tubular formers.

    Large coil: A good simple coil: We are currently dithering the Rb Zeeman splitting of this coil at 90kHz with 20mA p-p. This produces a dither of approx 1MHz p-p (from memory!). In future, we might use two layers to increase the dither a bit.

    Lockin amplifier

    Photodiode board

    FM demodulator

    Power supplies

    RF drivers for AOMs

    Shopping list

    Master PCB parts list (Excel spreadsheet) listing what components we buy from where. Includes part numbers and pricing, and is a useful starting point for shopping.

    Beware: The part list has not been updated for the changes described in NEWS .

    Suppliers we use are Tecs, Jaycar, Radio Parts Group (RPG), Insight electronics, ACD, Farnell and RS Components.
     

    Datasheets

    We have PDF datasheets for most of the components we use.  These can also be obtained directly from the manufacturers if you can't find the one you need in this directory.

    Protel (PCB) files

    We have collated the electronics together onto one large PCB board which contains all the electronics, including power supplies, needed to drive and lock a single laser. Unfortunately we have not had the time to update this for the changes to CLAUDIUS made to achieve narrow linewidths, but it's still a good starting point. The board is chopped into smaller boards for assembly, but getting the large board made commercially significantly reduces the manufacturing cost, as well as ensuring that you have everything required in one hit. We get our PCB boards made by BEC manufacturing in Brisbane, turn-around time approx. one week, cost depends on quantity ordered. We are not providing the PCB source files themselves. If you want boards, BEC manufacturing will make them for you, if they have authorisation from us. If you would like to have some boards made, please e-mail us.
    Atom optics

    Created: 16 August 2000
    Last modified:
    Maintainer: Robert Scholten, School of Physics, Email:  r.scholten at physics.unimelb.edu.au
    Authorised by: Robert Scholten, School of Physics, Email:  r.scholten at physics.unimelb.edu.au
    This page, its contents and style, are the responsibility of the author and do not represent the views, policies or opinions of The University of Melbourne.